Currently, people of different age groups have various diseases of the cardiovascular system, nervous system, rheumatological and bone diseases.Anyone can get sick at any age.But the most common diseases are the musculoskeletal system.These diseases can occur in both the elderly and the young.Small joints are most often affected, such joints include the formations of the hands and feet.What causes pain in the joints of bone structures, what causes pain in the joints of the fingers and how to treat it?
reasons
When pain occurs in the hand, we do not pay proper attention until a certain time;Meanwhile, the disease progresses and develops.What diseases can cause pain in finger joints?The most common diseases of bone joints that can provoke a painful attack:
- Polyosteoarthrosis of bone joints.
- Arthritis (rheumatoid or psoriatic).
- Aggravation of gout.
- Tenosynovitis
- Rhizarthrosis.
- limb injury.
- Violation of microcirculation.
- Pathology of nerve endings or spinal column.
- Timely treatment of chronic diseases.
Why do my finger joints hurt?Finger joint pain in different pathologies has different causes.Let's consider in detail the characteristics of pain in various pathologies.
Osteoarthritis
When polyosteoarthrosis develops, pain in the finger joints can occur in people under the age of 45 and over the age of 55.A distinctive feature of this pathology is that Heberden nodes appear when the joints are damaged.They are located on the back of the palm, which is also characterized by the fact that they are formed in the same way (on the right and left hands at the same time in similar places).
Nodules can appear on the phalanges of the fingers (index and middle fingers are most often affected).At the moment of formation of such a node, the patient may feel unpleasant burning, pain, swelling and redness.First of all, it is necessary to treat the original cause.
Rheumatoid arthritis
In rheumatoid arthritis, finger joints hurt in 6-7 percent of cases.The disease can occur in people of different age groups, women get sick more often and it develops against the background of emotional stress, after colds, infections or hypothermia.The disease begins with inflammatory changes, then the affected joint is slightly swollen, the pain intensifies when bending the phalanges of the right and left hand.The lesion is usually symmetrical and other joints, even large ones, may be involved.
The pathology has an inflammatory nature of pain (increases at night and in the morning, and the pain attack decreases slightly during the day and evening).In addition to these symptoms, the patient feels weak, has a fever and may have chills.Therapy should be aimed at treating the underlying disease.
Psoriasis
In 5% of cases, pain may occur due to psoriatic arthritis.People aged 20 to 50 years who have skin lesions (psoriasis spots) are affected.The peculiarity of the inflammatory process is that the disease has axial inflammation (all the joints of the affected finger hurt).The skin on such a joint has a burgundy color.
Inflammation can affect the joints of the bones of the right or left hand, but very rarely both at the same time, which indicates its asymmetry.
Gout
In less than 4% of cases, the pain is caused by gout.It occurs most often in men, most commonly occurs in the big toe, and then affects other joints.It is found in the age range from 20 to 50 years.On the hands, the disease develops with damage to the thumb (rarely from the little finger), then it spreads to other joints, the pain intensifies at night, which disturbs the mode and quality of sleep, the thumb acquires a red tint and becomes hot to the touch.
The duration of an acute attack can reach up to 12 days, and then the pain subsides.The paroxysmal course of the pain syndrome is characteristic of this disease.
injuries
Limb injuries and dislocations play an important role in finger pain.When the cartilage tissue is damaged, it gradually regenerates, but it will no longer be a complete and identical cartilage;In any case, it will have a defect of one degree or another.At first, symptoms may not be detected, but gradually the cartilage tissue wears out and does not fully perform its functions, which causes pain (pain occurs first when the little finger is injured).
other diseases
De Carvin tenosynovitis causes pain in 2-3% and involves an inflammatory process in the muscle tissue of the thumb.As a rule, pain occurs at the base of the joint;It is spontaneous or provoked by overload, aggravated by flexion and extension (pain does not appear in the area from the index finger to the little finger).
During rhizarthrosis, the thumb hurts, pathology of its articulation appears, most often it appears together with polyosteoarthrosis, less often independently.It is provoked by a strong constant load.It is difficult to diagnose the disease from De Carvin's tenosynovitis.But a special feature of this pathology is the deformation of the finger bones, which is clearly visible on the x-ray of the hand.
treatment
Timely and, most importantly, correctly prescribed treatment will help prevent pain in the later stages of life.Prevention of rheumatological diseases is an important point to maintain the same level of life.But what to do and how to treat the disease if it occurs or worsens?
Therapeutic methods should have a comprehensive effect, solve several problems and promote the recovery of damaged tissue.
First of all, it is necessary to correctly determine the cause of the disease, then determine the method of treatment (medical or surgical).
drug treatment
The most common group of medications that can reduce or completely stop pain are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).In addition to the pain-relieving effect, they have anti-inflammatory properties.
The medicinal substance can be used independently, taking into account the existing instructions.
Glucocorticosteroid drugs (GCS) are prescribed for arthritis, when the joints of your hands hurt;This group has an anti-inflammatory effect that immediately stops the pain.Various oils and creams are used to enhance the healing and regenerating effect;They will also help relieve pain in the short term.
Physiotherapy methods of treatment and prevention are widespread.The most popular methods are:
- Phonophoresis.
- Ultra high frequency therapy (UHF).
- Ultraviolet and infrared radiation.
- Performing gymnastics exercises.
- Therapeutic and restorative massage.
- Moderate physical activity.
surgical treatment
This method is radical and is used already in the late and advanced stages of the disease.The operation is performed with the use of a prosthesis, replacement of joint surfaces or restoration of blood flow.